Parity online asymptotic photovoltaic enterprises how to cross the "zero subsidy" ditch
+ Time
：2017-05-27 11:27:07
May 23, the National Energy Board Comprehensive Division issued "on the implementation of wind power parity online demonstration work" (hereinafter referred to as "notice"), proposed to guide and promote the sustainable and healthy development of renewable energy industry, improve the market competitiveness of wind power, To promote the realization of wind power in the power generation side parity online, to be carried out nationwide wind power parity online demonstration work.
In the photovoltaic industry, with the technological progress of innovation, parity Internet access is also approaching. In last year's PV "leader" project bid, the PV companies have reported 0.45 yuan / kWh and 0.48 yuan / kWh of "low", which in some areas of the price of thermal power quite. A number of photovoltaic business people told reporters that, in accordance with the current development trend, China's PV industry in 2020 to achieve parity on the user side of the Internet, in 2025 in the power generation side to achieve parity online, this goal can be achieved.
Parity online can be expected
According to the National Energy Board released statistics, 2016 China's photovoltaic power generation capacity of 34.54 million kilowatts, the cumulative installed capacity of 77.42 million kilowatts, new and cumulative installed capacity continues to rank the forefront of the world.
In the installed capacity to achieve the scale of the global leader at the same time, in recent years, the PV industry costs also decreased significantly. China PV Industry Association data show that 2013 ~ 2016, China's silicon material costs decreased by 44.4%, component costs reduced by 41.6%, inverter costs by 57.1%.
Data from Bloomberg's new energy finance show that in the second half of 2016, the global PV average cost has dropped from $ 100 / MWh to $ 86 / MWh, down 15%. The main reason for the decline in PV costs is the impact of increased technical costs and increased competition from global projects. It is expected that in 2017, the global PV cost of electricity will be further reduced by 20%.
The power of the decline in costs from the technology continues to introduce new. At this year's SNEC PV show, new products, new technologies emerge in an endless stream. Among them, Longji Le leaves launched the upgraded version of Hi-MO2 components. It is reported that this product is based on Hi-MO1 low attenuation technology, combined with double-sided technology, the first year of light decay rate can be less than 2%, the average annual attenuation of 0.45%. In addition, Trina Solar, Jingke energy and other enterprises, also introduced the PERC dual-core components, PERC multi-gate single crystal components and other new products.
"According to the current development situation of the industry speculated that in the next three to five years, photovoltaic should be able to achieve parity online." A photovoltaic power plant developers to reporters optimistic estimates.
Artes chairman Qu Xiaohua also believes that photovoltaic photovoltaic parity will be achieved ahead of time. In the 2016 International Energy Reform Forum, Qu Xiaohua said, Baotou "leader" tender lower offer 0.52 yuan / kWh, lower than the general commercial and commercial electricity price of 0.5253 yuan in Inner Mongolia, so the electricity side parity online has been achieved. Qu Xiaohua judge, 2018 will achieve the "scenery with the price", 2022 is to achieve "fire with the price."
In 2019, polysilicon costs are expected to drop to 8 US dollars / kg, efficient component costs are expected to drop to 2.4 yuan / watt. Cost road map shows that before June 2019, Xixin Group to achieve photovoltaic power unit unit investment estimate of 5.5 yuan / watt; China's central and western regions, photovoltaic power generation costs down to 0.4 yuan / kWh, and nuclear power prices flat; Power generation costs down to 0.5 ~ 0.55 yuan / kWh, and natural gas power prices were flat.
Longji shares president Li Zhenuo that the photovoltaic industry over the past few years the pace of progress beyond everyone's imagination, I believe that 2 to 3 years, most of the world, including most parts of China, to achieve parity online is a definite event.
"Zero subsidy" challenge
With the parity of the Internet near, means that PV companies will gradually bid farewell to the era of subsidies.
As the renewable energy such as photovoltaic has a clean environmental protection, renewable and other advantages, the cost is relatively high, the initial development of government subsidies to be supported. According to the "National Development and Reform Commission on the adjustment of renewable energy tariffs and environmental protection price of the relevant matters of the notice" shows that in order to support the development of renewable energy, many times in addition to residents living and agricultural production other than the collection of renewable energy Surcharge, after several price increases, renewable energy price additional standard for 1.5 cents per kilowatt-hour.
However, due to photovoltaic and other renewable energy installed capacity of the rapid expansion of the scale of subsidies continue to enlarge the gap. According to the National Energy Board data show that the domestic wind power, photovoltaic and other new energy subsidies funding gap has been from the end of 2015 40 billion yuan, expanded to 2016 by the end of 60 billion yuan.
Meng Xiangan, vice chairman of the China Renewable Energy Society, told reporters that according to the "Energy Development Strategy Action Plan (2014-2020)", by 2020, wind power will be equivalent to coal and electricity tariffs, no longer subsidized; The goal is to 2020 by the user side and the grid sales price is equivalent, distributed such no longer enjoy the subsidy. This means that when the above renewable energy power in the cost of electricity under the premise of no longer rely on subsidies, can be developed through market competition.
However, the reality is that, aside from the cost factor, the development of photovoltaic industry is also facing abandoned power and other issues.
National Energy Board released statistics show that the first quarter of 2017, photovoltaic power generation capacity of 21.4 billion kwh, an increase of 80%. The national abandoned power limit of about 2.3 billion kwh. Ningxia, Gansu abandoned light rate was 10%, 19%, respectively, compared with the same period last year decreased by about 10 and 20 percentage points, but Qinghai, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia provinces (regions) the rate of extinction rate increased, respectively 9%, 11 %, 8%; Xinjiang (including Corps) abandoned light rate is still as high as 39%.
"If there is abandoned power limit, which means that part of the power plant will be wasted in vain," the leader of the photovoltaic power plant developers told reporters that, in the eyes of the people, even if the realization of the parity online, if not completely resolved Light power and other industry development chronic illness, the downstream business profitability is difficult to be protected.
It is worth mentioning that the "notice" requirements to ensure that supporting the grid to send the project and demonstration of wind power projects simultaneously put into operation. After the completion of the project to timely and wind power development enterprises signed a contract for the sale of electricity, and at the same time to fully tap the potential consumption of the system, give priority to meet the requirements of the nearest consumer to ensure that wind power parity demonstration project unlimited electricity.
How to "lose"?
In fact, in addition to power cuts, the new energy companies are facing multiple difficulties.
In the global PV leaders forum, Xixin new energy president Sun Xingping that China's photovoltaic power generation parity and the status of photovoltaic power does not match, mainly land, finance, tax and other non-photovoltaic costs are about PV parity online process.
At present, the photovoltaic enterprises to upgrade, efficiency reduction efforts made by the cost of electricity is often not enough to offset the contradictions brought about by the policy of unreasonable expenses. For example, the land use tax of photovoltaic power plants, ranging from 0.6 to 12 yuan per square meter per square meter, according to the two types of light areas 10MW photovoltaic grid project, the equivalent of different scale of the same power plant per kilowatt cost difference 0.3 yuan, a great impact on the photovoltaic power generation enterprises a reasonable income.
Reporters learned that, according to "Land and Resources [2006] No. 307" document provides that photovoltaic power generation is an industrial project, industrial land to sell lower price of 60 yuan / square meter, that is 40,000 yuan / mu. If the standard of PV array area of this collection will affect the yield of photovoltaic power generation projects, weaken the enthusiasm of enterprises to invest, thus hindering the PV industry parity online trends and speed, the formation of negative social and economic effects.
For photovoltaic enterprises, the heavy local land tax is undoubtedly burdened. PV executives said that a land in a 100MW ground power plant in the west, need to pay a one-time 40 million yuan of land occupation tax, an annual payment of 8 million yuan of land use tax, according to the estimated 20 years to bear 200 million yuan Of the tax.
During the two sessions this year, Xie Xin Group Chairman Zhu Gongshan had made recommendations, rationalize the photovoltaic project land approval management: led by the land and resources management departments, coordination of forestry, agriculture, planning and other relevant departments, accurately define the nature of the land, the establishment of a joint database and Social development; photovoltaic projects in addition to office space, pressurized stations, plant road hardening land outside the construction site, the other PV module array can not be used as construction land for processing; further reduce the photovoltaic construction land charges, reduce the cost of photovoltaic power generation The.
